Historical Encyclopedia
Joan of Arc, also known as the Maid of Orléans, is one of the most famous and significant figures in French history. Born around 1412 in the village of Domrémy, she became a symbol of the struggle for freedom and independence during the Hundred Years' War between France and England.
Joan was born into a peasant family. From an early age, she showed religious devotion and a belief in divine signs. At the age of 13, she claimed to have visions of saints who commanded her to free France from the English yoke and to help King Charles VII ascend to the throne.
In 1429, Joan, gathering her courage, went to Champagne, where she met Charles VII. Despite doubts and prejudices, the king agreed to entrust her with the command of a small army. Her influence on the soldiers' morale was immense, and soon she became a symbol of hope for the French.
One of the pivotal events in Joan's life was the siege of Orléans. She played a key role in liberating the city in May 1429. Under her command, the French troops, inspired by her presence, achieved a decisive victory, marking a turning point in the war.
After the successful campaign at Orléans, Joan accompanied Charles VII to Reims, where he was crowned. This event symbolized the restoration of the French kingdom and served as an inspiration for the people. Joan of Arc was recognized as a national heroine.
However, shortly after the coronation, Joan faced new challenges. In 1430, she was captured by the Burgundians and handed over to the English authorities. While in captivity, she was tried for heresy and witchcraft. The trial was politically motivated, and the charges against her were highly questionable.
Despite attempts to defend herself, Joan was found guilty and burned at the stake in Rouen on May 30, 1431. Her death sparked public outrage and became a catalyst for the continued struggle of the French for their freedom.
Joan of Arc was canonized in 1920, and her image became a symbol not only of national unity but also of resilience of spirit. Her life and deeds inspire people around the world. In culture, her image is often used in literature, film, and visual arts.
Joan of Arc remains one of the most significant figures in history, not only of France but of the entire world. Her loyalty to her beliefs and her readiness to fight for freedom have inspired generations for centuries. She symbolizes strength and courage, and her legacy continues to live in the hearts of people.