Historical Encyclopedia
The history of Serbia spans over a thousand years and encompasses a variety of cultural and political events. Slavs began to settle in the Balkans in the 6th-7th centuries, and it is from this time that the formation of Serbian identity begins.
In the 9th century, the First Serbian Empire formed on the territory of modern-day Serbia, reaching its peak under the rule of Prince Stefan Nemanja in the 12th century. Nemanja founded the Nemanjić dynasty, which played a key role in Serbian history.
Serbia became an important cultural and political center, especially after the autocephaly of the Serbian church was granted in 1219. However, in the 14th century, the Ottoman threat began to grow, leading to significant changes in the region.
Serbia fell under Ottoman rule in 1459, marking the beginning of a long struggle for independence. Despite the harsh conditions, Serbs managed to preserve their culture and religion. During this time, many rebel movements arose.
The most notable of these was the First Serbian Uprising, which began in 1804. It was led by Karađorđe Petrović, who sought to liberate the country from Ottoman rule. As a result of the uprising, the Serbian Principality was established.
After the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), Serbia significantly expanded its territory. In 1918, after the end of World War I, Serbia became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, later known as Yugoslavia.
During World War II, Serbia was occupied by Nazi Germany. After the war, socialist Yugoslavia was restored under the leadership of Tito. Serbia became one of the six republics that made up this federation.
After the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Serbia faced numerous problems, including wars in the Balkans and an economic crisis. In 2006, Serbia declared independence, separating from Montenegro.
Today, Serbia is a democratic state striving for European integration. The country continues to discuss issues related to Kosovo, which declared independence in 2008, yet Serbia has not recognized this move.
Serbia has a rich cultural heritage, including numerous historical monuments, churches, and monasteries recognized by UNESCO. Serbian cuisine, music, and traditions also play an important role in the identity of the nation.
The history of Serbia is a story of the struggle for independence and uniqueness. Complex historical events and cultural traditions shape the unique character of the country, which continues to evolve in the modern world.