Historical Encyclopedia
Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) was a Portuguese navigator who became famous for his expedition, which concluded with the first circumnavigation of the globe. He was born in the Portuguese town of Sabrosa, and his life and career became a symbol of the Age of Discovery.
From childhood, Magellan showed an interest in maritime exploration. At the age of 12, he was already in service at the Portuguese court. His early expeditions took him to India and the Far East, where he gained valuable experience and knowledge of navigation.
In 1519, after failing to gain support from the Portuguese king, Magellan turned to the Spanish court. He proposed to King Charles I to establish a new route to India through western waters. Spain approved his proposal, and Magellan set sail with five ships.
The expedition began on September 20, 1519. After crossing the Atlantic, Magellan reached the shores of Brazil and, continuing further south, discovered a strait that would later become known as the Strait of Magellan. This was an important discovery as it connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
The passage through the strait proved difficult due to unfavorable weather conditions and a lack of food. Nevertheless, on November 28, 1520, Magellan and his crew successfully entered the waters of the Pacific Ocean. Magellan named it "Pacific" due to the calmness of its waters.
In March 1521, the expedition reached the Philippines. Magellan spent several weeks on the islands, establishing contacts with local tribes. However, his attempts to establish trade and influence in the Philippines led to conflicts.
On April 27, 1521, Magellan was killed in a battle with locals on the island of Mactan. His death was a shock to the crew, and leadership of the expedition passed to other captains.
Despite the loss of their leader, the crew continued the journey. In 1522, the only remaining ship, "Victoria," returned to Spain, completing the circumnavigation of the globe. This journey proved that the Earth is indeed round and that there are sea routes connecting different parts of the world.
Ferdinand Magellan left a significant legacy in history. His expedition opened new horizons for navigation and trade, and confirmed the possibility of circumnavigation. Today, his name has become synonymous with courage and the quest to explore the unknown.